HERETIC

The early critics, and competitors, of Christianity.

Journalist Nixey delves into the sometimes scant evidence of the religious losers of early-Christian-era history. In doing so, the author clarifies the extent to which the Christian faith has evolved despite being, at one time, just one of a myriad of other similar belief systems in the Roman Empire and beyond. “The first century,” Nixey explains, “was in truth a century that was full of many lords, and saviours, and gods.” She brings to light the caustic criticisms of early anti-Christian authors, relying most heavily on second-century Greek philosopher Celsus as well as third-century philosopher Porphyry. Both authors are cited throughout the work and form a backdrop for the early Greco-Roman skepticism and hostility toward the burgeoning Christian faith. Nixey uses numerous examples to demonstrate that miracle healings, and even resurrection stories, were far from unique in the ancient world; in many cases, the tales of such miracle workers largely mirror the accounts of Jesus. She notes the widespread prevalence of the world of magic, arguing that early Christian stories and art borrow heavily from that aspect of ancient life. “Wherever Christianity travelled,” the author argues in her conclusion, “it changed, blending here with wizardry, there with sorcery; here with astronomy and astrology,” and so on. The lesser-told history of the faith involves a concerted effort by many in power to sanitize these aspects of Christian legend.

A thought-provoking look at a religiously tumultuous era.