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THE WORLD TURNED UPSIDE DOWN

AMERICA, CHINA, AND THE STRUGGLE FOR GLOBAL LEADERSHIP

An excellent comprehensive study from an expert on the subject.

A veteran U.S. trade negotiator offers a cogent overview of how the U.S. grievously misjudged China’s response to globalization.

When China joined the World Trade Organization in 2001, many observers had high hopes that it would become what former deputy secretary of state Robert Zoellick described as “a responsible stakeholder in the global system.” Indeed, how could the internet allow China to be anything but more liberal and democratic? In a well-rendered, layered narrative, Prestowitz carefully examines the naïve expectations by U.S. and other Western leaders going back to the Tiananmen Square massacre in 1989—a clear red flag that was swiftly ignored in the rush to do business with the authoritarian state. As a labor, trade, and commerce expert, the author deftly sifts through the evidence over the decades to record how China systematically rejected attempts by liberal leaders to manipulate it for their profit. Meanwhile, in less than a decade after 2001, the Chinese managed to quadruple GDP via policies that “protected and subsidized investment aimed at developing indigenous capacity in industries characterized by economies of scale and rapid technological advances in the context of potentially large export markets.” Japan, Korea, Taiwan, and Singapore had deployed similar strategies, all of which defied the “expectations of Anglo-American economists, journalist, and trade officials.” China was clearly not going to become a responsible “stakeholder.” Under President Xi Jinping, writes Prestowitz, “China seems to be determined to resurrect the old Middle Kingdom as the new world hegemon.” The Chinese leadership grasps their importance in the complex game of global trade, and they are working hard on the highly ambitious One Belt One Road project. Most alarming, notes the author, is the infiltration of the Communist Party into every aspect of Chinese life. Prestowitz doesn’t just point out problems; he offers a detailed, 25-page “Plan for America.”

An excellent comprehensive study from an expert on the subject.  

Pub Date: Jan. 26, 2021

ISBN: 978-0-300-24849-4

Page Count: 344

Publisher: Yale Univ.

Review Posted Online: Nov. 17, 2020

Kirkus Reviews Issue: Dec. 1, 2020

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A PEOPLE'S HISTORY OF THE UNITED STATES

For Howard Zinn, long-time civil rights and anti-war activist, history and ideology have a lot in common. Since he thinks that everything is in someone's interest, the historian—Zinn posits—has to figure out whose interests he or she is defining/defending/reconstructing (hence one of his previous books, The Politics of History). Zinn has no doubts about where he stands in this "people's history": "it is a history disrespectful of governments and respectful of people's movements of resistance." So what we get here, instead of the usual survey of wars, presidents, and institutions, is a survey of the usual rebellions, strikes, and protest movements. Zinn starts out by depicting the arrival of Columbus in North America from the standpoint of the Indians (which amounts to their standpoint as constructed from the observations of the Europeans); and, after easily establishing the cultural disharmony that ensued, he goes on to the importation of slaves into the colonies. Add the laborers and indentured servants that followed, plus women and later immigrants, and you have Zinn's amorphous constituency. To hear Zinn tell it, all anyone did in America at any time was to oppress or be oppressed; and so he obscures as much as his hated mainstream historical foes do—only in Zinn's case there is that absurd presumption that virtually everything that came to pass was the work of ruling-class planning: this amounts to one great indictment for conspiracy. Despite surface similarities, this is not a social history, since we get no sense of the fabric of life. Instead of negating the one-sided histories he detests, Zinn has merely reversed the image; the distortion remains.

Pub Date: Jan. 1, 1979

ISBN: 0061965588

Page Count: 772

Publisher: Harper & Row

Review Posted Online: May 26, 2012

Kirkus Reviews Issue: Jan. 1, 1979

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BEYOND THE GENDER BINARY

From the Pocket Change Collective series

A fierce, penetrating, and empowering call for change.

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Artist and activist Vaid-Menon demonstrates how the normativity of the gender binary represses creativity and inflicts physical and emotional violence.

The author, whose parents emigrated from India, writes about how enforcement of the gender binary begins before birth and affects people in all stages of life, with people of color being especially vulnerable due to Western conceptions of gender as binary. Gender assignments create a narrative for how a person should behave, what they are allowed to like or wear, and how they express themself. Punishment of nonconformity leads to an inseparable link between gender and shame. Vaid-Menon challenges familiar arguments against gender nonconformity, breaking them down into four categories—dismissal, inconvenience, biology, and the slippery slope (fear of the consequences of acceptance). Headers in bold font create an accessible navigation experience from one analysis to the next. The prose maintains a conversational tone that feels as intimate and vulnerable as talking with a best friend. At the same time, the author's turns of phrase in moments of deep insight ring with precision and poetry. In one reflection, they write, “the most lethal part of the human body is not the fist; it is the eye. What people see and how people see it has everything to do with power.” While this short essay speaks honestly of pain and injustice, it concludes with encouragement and an invitation into a future that celebrates transformation.

A fierce, penetrating, and empowering call for change. (writing prompt) (Nonfiction. 14-adult)

Pub Date: June 2, 2020

ISBN: 978-0-593-09465-5

Page Count: 64

Publisher: Penguin Workshop

Review Posted Online: March 14, 2020

Kirkus Reviews Issue: April 1, 2020

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