WEEP, SHUDDER, DIE

A vigorous case for the humble opera libretto as poetic drama.

Gioia, a poet and former chairman of the National Endowment for the Arts, turns his attention to the “extravagant and alluring art of opera” and the power of words because the “libretto is not a shabby coat rack on which the magnificent vestments of music are hung.” The “text exists in a state of potentiality; music will transform its meaning and merit.” Surprisingly, the 100 most frequently performed operas were written by only seven poets, including Richard Wagner, who wrote all his own libretti. Gioia notes that the only operatic partnership for which the writers get top billing are Gilbert and Sullivan. When Lorenzo Da Ponte wrote for Mozart, his operas became much better, culminating in Don Giovanni. Gioia recollects coming to love opera as a young boy: “I wanted to surrender to an ecstasy beyond my control.” The collaborations of Hugo von Hofmannsthal and Richard Strauss “rank among the most surprising and successful experiments in modern opera.” He discusses how opera strives for emotional intensity, “explores the extremes of human experience, especially the outmost limits of suffering.” At the NEA, he helped fund dozens of operatic world premieres and revivals. Nevertheless, he worries about the shrinking numbers of Americans who attend operas—“America is no operatic superpower.” Gioia laments that many historically important American operas are rarely performed. As a young student, he went to Vienna as a composer and left as an opera-loving poet. After incisive chapters on Leonard Bernstein and Stephen Sondheim—“American opera has no better libretto” than Sweeney Todd—he wraps up this smart, lively book describing his rewarding experiences writing librettos.

A poet shares his joyful exuberance for opera.