WHO OWNS THIS SENTENCE?

A sprawling popular history of copyright law.

“Most copyrights of commercial value now belong not to artists, but to corporations,” write Princeton literature professor Bellos, author of Is That a Fish in Your Ear?, and lawyer Montagu. A case in point is the catalog of Bruce Springsteen, which he sold for $550 million to the Sony Music Group at the end of 2021. Sony will monetize that catalog in numerous ways, licensing it for advertisements, soundtracks, etc.—and that corporate ownership, unless sold or subdivided, will extend so many years in the future that it will still be in force in the next century. This is a far cry from the original intent of copyright, which, in the U.S. at the time of the drafting of the Constitution, held for a two-year period when the creator could enjoy exclusive rights, after which it entered the public domain. The problem with copyright law, as it unfolds in this book, is not just that it is corporate controlled, but also that individual artists make pennies to the corporations’ dollars—a matter that’s likely to become ever more complicated in the age of AI. Who owns the creations of the machines? That’s a matter of massive debate. In the current environment, those corporations—whose lobbyists have been strongly involved in every recent revision of copyright law—treat each other with the courtesies of gentlemen thieves while crushing any individual who would dare repurpose or reproduce even a few seconds’ worth of protected material, which flies in the face of creation via imitation and reinterpretation, a fundamental mechanism of art. What seems certain, by the authors’ account, is that corporate control is not likely to lessen in the coming years.

A gimlet-eyed analysis of a system that protects a corporate status quo at the expense of independent invention.