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WHAT I KNOW FOR SURE

MY STORY OF GROWING UP IN AMERICA

Alternately inspiring and anodyne.

PBS host Smiley (Hard Left, 1996) tells his rags-to-riches—or, more precisely, trailer-park-to-television-station—story.

Born in Gulfport, Miss., in 1964, the author grew up in a large family that included first cousins who were more like siblings. He was attached to the church from his earliest days, attending prayer meetings, choir rehearsals, worship services and Bible classes. When papa Smiley, who served in the Air Force, was stationed in Indiana, the family headed north, cheerfully cramming into a trailer and adjusting to life in a predominately white town. The portrayal of his family is confusing. The clan is seemingly warm and snuggly, but suddenly, Smiley’s father begins beating him, and the boy lands in foster care. The parents’ marriage seems happy, with hubby garnering lavish praise for his loyal, family-man values—and then that’s it: They divorce. As a youth, Smiley visited with a local councilman and saw the power of government to “come to people’s aid.” He admired and memorized the speeches of Martin Luther King Jr. During his years at Indiana University, he discovered African-American artists and musicians, particularly Richard Pryor and Prince. Smiley traces his evolution as an “advocate-maverick” and journalist, putting positive spins on such seeming setbacks as getting canned by Black Entertainment Television and getting caught on tape raving and cursing about National Public Radio. Though he affirms the American creed that people can overcome adverse circumstances through hard work, he argues forcefully that the government has a crucial role to play in making America a just and equitable society. Even readers who agree with him will be annoyed by his incessant use of motivational slogans on the order of “View yourself as a winner, and you become a winner.”

Alternately inspiring and anodyne.

Pub Date: Oct. 10, 2006

ISBN: 0-385-50516-7

Page Count: 320

Publisher: Doubleday

Review Posted Online: May 19, 2010

Kirkus Reviews Issue: July 15, 2006

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A PEOPLE'S HISTORY OF THE UNITED STATES

For Howard Zinn, long-time civil rights and anti-war activist, history and ideology have a lot in common. Since he thinks that everything is in someone's interest, the historian—Zinn posits—has to figure out whose interests he or she is defining/defending/reconstructing (hence one of his previous books, The Politics of History). Zinn has no doubts about where he stands in this "people's history": "it is a history disrespectful of governments and respectful of people's movements of resistance." So what we get here, instead of the usual survey of wars, presidents, and institutions, is a survey of the usual rebellions, strikes, and protest movements. Zinn starts out by depicting the arrival of Columbus in North America from the standpoint of the Indians (which amounts to their standpoint as constructed from the observations of the Europeans); and, after easily establishing the cultural disharmony that ensued, he goes on to the importation of slaves into the colonies. Add the laborers and indentured servants that followed, plus women and later immigrants, and you have Zinn's amorphous constituency. To hear Zinn tell it, all anyone did in America at any time was to oppress or be oppressed; and so he obscures as much as his hated mainstream historical foes do—only in Zinn's case there is that absurd presumption that virtually everything that came to pass was the work of ruling-class planning: this amounts to one great indictment for conspiracy. Despite surface similarities, this is not a social history, since we get no sense of the fabric of life. Instead of negating the one-sided histories he detests, Zinn has merely reversed the image; the distortion remains.

Pub Date: Jan. 1, 1979

ISBN: 0061965588

Page Count: 772

Publisher: Harper & Row

Review Posted Online: May 26, 2012

Kirkus Reviews Issue: Jan. 1, 1979

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I KNOW WHY THE CAGED BIRD SINGS

However charily one should apply the word, a beautiful book, an unconditionally involving memoir for our time or any time.

Maya Angelou is a natural writer with an inordinate sense of life and she has written an exceptional autobiographical narrative which retrieves her first sixteen years from "the general darkness just beyond the great blinkers of childhood."

Her story is told in scenes, ineluctably moving scenes, from the time when she and her brother were sent by her fancy living parents to Stamps, Arkansas, and a grandmother who had the local Store. Displaced they were and "If growing up is painful for the Southern Black girl, being aware of her displacement is the rust on the razor that threatens the throat." But alternating with all the pain and terror (her rape at the age of eight when in St. Louis With her mother) and humiliation (a brief spell in the kitchen of a white woman who refused to remember her name) and fear (of a lynching—and the time they buried afflicted Uncle Willie under a blanket of vegetables) as well as all the unanswered and unanswerable questions, there are affirmative memories and moments: her charming brother Bailey; her own "unshakable God"; a revival meeting in a tent; her 8th grade graduation; and at the end, when she's sixteen, the birth of a baby. Times When as she says "It seemed that the peace of a day's ending was an assurance that the covenant God made with children, Negroes and the crippled was still in effect."

However charily one should apply the word, a beautiful book, an unconditionally involving memoir for our time or any time.

Pub Date: Feb. 1, 1969

ISBN: 0375507892

Page Count: 235

Publisher: Random House

Review Posted Online: May 14, 2012

Kirkus Reviews Issue: Feb. 1, 1969

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